Go to

• Academic Staff
• Staff
• Home

Professor Yadvinder Malhi

• Academic Profile
• Current Research
• Current Teaching
• Publications

Academic Profile

As Professor of Ecosystem Science at the School of Geography and the Environment and Programme Leader in Ecosystems at the Environmental Change Institute, Prof. Malhi's research interests focus on interactions between forest ecosystems and the global atmosphere, with a particular focus on their role in global carbon, energy and water cycles, and in understanding how the ecology of natural ecosystems may be shifting in response to global atmospheric change. More recently his interests have expanded to include the impacts and limitation of tropical deforestation.

Prof. Malhi received his first degree in physics from Queens' College, University of Cambridge, and a PhD in Meteorology from the University of Reading. His early post-doctoral work at the University of Edinburgh focused on measuring ecosystem carbon fluxes from pristine Amazonian rainforests, and this led to a deeper interest in the ecology and dynamics of tropical rainforests. In 2000 he co-founded the Amazon rainforest forest inventory network (RAINFOR) which has been revealing fundamental new insights into the biogeography of Amazonian forests, and how they are responding to global atmospheric change. He was a Royal Society University Research Fellow at Edinburgh University between 1999 and 2004. In 2005 he was appointed a University Lecturer at the School of Geography and the Environment, in 2006 he became Reader in Terrestrial Ecology, and in 2007 Professor of Ecosystem Science. He leads an active Ecosystem Dynamics research lab (currently comprising three postdocs and eleven PhD students, with three new postdocs anticipated in late 2007) focussing on forest vegetation-atmosphere interactions, employing field studies, satellite remote sensing and ecosystem modelling. He also manages the Ecosystems Programme of the Environmental Change Institute, Oxford.

Dr Malhi is an Honorary Fellow of Edinburgh University and UCLA and a Visiting Fellow of Leeds University. He is also a member of various committees including: the Royal Society Advisory Committee on Climate Change and Ocean Acidification; the Royal Society Committee on Science in Society; and the Scientific Steering Committee of the Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia.

He has delivered invited seminars/plenaries in numerous universities, including Harvard, UCLA, Berkeley, Duke, Cambridge, and Brasilia. He was the editor of a thematic issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, and has been a contributing author to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Working Group 1 and the organiser of major multidisciplinary international conference: Climate Change and the Fate of the Amazon in 2007.

Current Research

The major focus of his work is understanding the interactions between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere. This includes the cycling of carbon, water and nutrients, the climatic controls on ecosystem metabolism and biomass, and more recently, assessing the impacts of land use change and the potential of forest protection to mitigate global climate change. His research techniques combine the diverse disciplines of ecological and forest field surveys, ecophysiological measurements, micrometeorological field techniques, satellite remote sensing, vegetation-atmosphere modelling, and social science. He has a particular interest in tropical forests ranging from Malaysia to the Congo and Zambia, but especially in Amazonia and the Andes. Since 2006 he has been engaging in a major study looking at an elevation transect in the Amazon-Andes, ranging from 200m to 3600m in elevation, and has ongoing research interests across the lowland forests of Amazonia through the RAINFOR project. More recently he has embarked on an expanding programme of research looking at the functioning and climatic response of temperate woodlands of the Upper Thames.

Selected Research Projects (since 2001)

• Tropical Biomes in Transition, TROBIT
  In collaboration with Dr Mark New; Financial support from NERC; (2006-2010)
• Modelling Climate-Ecosystem Dynamics in the Andes
  In collaboration with Dr Mark New; Dr Lorenzo de la Fuente; Dr Toby Marthews; Financial support from Microsoft Research Ltd and Fell Fund; D.Phil. Students: Kate Halladay; (2007-2009)

Teaching

Dr Malhi teaches on biodiversity and ecosystem assessment techniques for the MSc in Biodiversity Conservation and Management. He also teaches on tropical forests, environmental modelling and GIS/remote sensing for the MSc in Environmental Change and Management, for which he is also an internal examiner.

Current graduate students include:

• Liana Anderson
  Remote sensing of carbon dynamics and land cover change in Amazonia.
• Cecilia Chavana-Bryant
  Understanding the relationship between the leaf life cycle and Earth Observation-derived indices in Amazonian rainforests
• Kathryn Clark
  The Role of Landslides in the Peruvian Andes in Determining Forest Ecology and Carbon Transport.
• Katie Fenn
  Temperate deciduous woodland carbon dynamics and their relation to phenology and climate.
• Cecile Girardin
  Tropical montane forest ecosystem responses to mean temperature change.
• Kate Halladay
  Climate and Andean montane forests: The role of clouds.
• Lip Khoon Kho
  Carbon cycling in Bornean tropical forests.
• Danae Maniatis
  Deforestation of the Congo Basin: Patterns, drivers and conservation.
• Alexandra Morel
  A carbon, life-cycle analysis of Malaysian oil palm plantations combined with a commodity chain analysis of the Malaysian Palm Oil Industry to assess the drivers and implications of further expansion.
• Caroline Schmidt
  Climate change law and policies.
• Joel Scriven
  Carbon forestry on an Amazonian frontier: Barriers and opportunities.
• Royd Vinya
  Hydraulic architecture of ten Miombo woodlands canopy tree species
• Prezemyslaw Zelazowski
  Remote Sensing, understandng and projecting of spatial and temporal patterns in the eastern Peruvian Andes.

D.Phil. students successfully completing since 2001:

• Adam Bumpus (2009)
  Carbon Development: A political ecology analysis of the use of carbon offset projects local and global.
• Nathalie Butt (2009)
  Tropical climatology and biodiversity.
• Katja Lehmann (2009)
  Seasonal and diurnal hydrological patterns along a Cloud Forest gradient in the Peruvian Andes.
• Ana Malhado (2009)
  The functional biogeography of the Amazon forest canopy.

• Dan Metcalfe (Edinburgh, 2007)
• Rosie Fisher (Edinburgh, 2006)
• Emiliano Pegoraro (Edinburgh, 2006)
• Barbara Vinceti (Edinburgh, 2004)

Selected Publications

Many of these papers are available for download from Prof. Malhi's Personal Website.

Books

• Malhi, Y. and Phillips, O.L. (eds.) (2005) Tropical Forests and Global Atmospheric Change. Oxford University Press, 356 pp.

Papers and Articles

• Butt, N., New, M., Malhi, Y., da Costa, A.C.L., Oliveira, P. and Silva-Espejo, J.E. (2010) Diffuse radiation and cloud fraction relationships in two contrasting Amazonian rainforest sites. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology.
• Barbier, N., Couteron, P., Proisy, C., Malhi, Y. and Gastellu-Etchegorry, J-P. (2010) The variation of apparent crown size and canopy heterogeneity across lowland Amazonian forests. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19: 72-84.
• Zimmermann, M., Meir, P., Bird, M.I., Malhi, Y. and Ccahuana, A.J.Q. (2009) Climate dependence of heterotrophic soil respiration from a soil-translocation experiment along a 3000m tropical forest altitudinal gradient. European Journal of Soil Science, 60: 895-906.
• Butt, N., New, M., Lizcano, G., and Malhi, Y. (2009) Spatial patterns and recent trends in cloud fraction and cloud-related diffuse radiation in Amazonia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 114: D21104.
• Fisher, J.B., Malhi, Y. et al. (2009) The land–atmosphere water flux in the tropics. Global Change Biology, 15: 2694–2714.
• Gloor, M., Phillips, O.L., Lloyd, J.J., Lewis, S.L., Malhi, Y., et al. (2009) Does the disturbance hypothesis explain the biomass increase in basin-wide Amazon forest plot data? Global Change Biology, 15(10): 2418-2430.
• Vinya, R., Malhi, Y. and Brown, N. (2009) Xylem vulnerability to cavitation for ten miombo canopy tree species with varying habitat preference. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 153(2, Supp. 1): S213.
• Zimmermann, M., Meir, P., Bird, M., Malhi, Y. and Ccahuana, A. (2009) Litter contribution to diurnal and annual soil respiration in a tropical montane cloud forest. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41(6): 1338-1340.
• Phillips, O.L. et al (inc. Aragão, L.E.O.C., Fisher, J.B., Malhi, Y., Morel, A. and Zelazowski, P.) (2009) Drought Sensitivity of the Amazon Rainforest. Science, 323: 1344-1347.
• Betts, R.A., Malhi, Y., Roberts, J.T. (2008) The future of the Amazon: new perspectives from climate, ecosystem and social sciences. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, 363(1498): 1729-1735.
• Butt, N., Malhi, Y., Phillips, O.L. and New, M. (2008) Floristic and functional affiliations of woody plants with climate in western Amazonia. Journal of Biogeography, 35(5): 939-950.
• Malhi, Y. and Roman-Cuesta, R.M. (2008) Analysis of lacunarity and scales of spatial homogeneity in IKONOS images of Amazonian tropical forest canopies. Remote Sensing of Environment, 112(5): 2074-2087.
• Malhi, Y., Roberts, J.T., Betts, R.A., Killeen, T.J., Li, W. and Nobre, C.A. (2008) Climate change, deforestation and the fate of the Amazon. Science, 319(5860): 169-172.
• Metcalfe, D.B., Meir, P., Aragao, L.E.O.C., Malhi, Y., da Costa, A.C.L., Braga, A., Goncalves, P.H.L., de Athaydes, J., de Almeida, S.S. and Williams, M. (2007) Factors controlling spatio-temporal variation in carbon dioxide efflux from surface litter, roots, and soil organic matter at four rain forest sites in the eastern Amazon. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (G04001).
• Malhi, Y. (2007) Carbon in the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere in the early Anthropocene. In, P. Sammonds (ed.) Advances in Science, Cambridge University Press.
• Aragão, L.E.O.C., Malhi, Y., Roman-Cuesta, R.M., Saatchi, S., Anderson, L.O., and Shimabukuro, Y.E. (2007) Spatial patterns and fire response of recent Amazonian droughts. Geophysical Research Letters, 34(7).
• Parmentier, I., Malhi, Y., Senterre, B., Whittaker, R.J. et al. (2007) The odd man out? Might climate explain the lower tree-diversity of African rain forests relative to Amazonian rain forests? Journal of Ecology.
• Malhi, Y., Wood, D., Baker, T.R., et al. (2006) The regional variation of aboveground live biomass in old-growth Amazonian forests. Global Change Biology, 12(7): 1107-1138.
• Phillips, O.L., Lewis, S.L., Baker, T.R. and Malhi, Y. (2006) The response of South American tropical forests to contemporary atmospheric change. In, M. Bush and J.R. Flenley (eds.) Tropical forest responses to climate change. Springer, Berlin.
• Lewis, S.L., Phillips O.L., Baker, T.R., Malhi, Y. and Lloyd, J. (2006) Tropical Forests and Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Current Conditions and Future Scenarios. In, Schellnhuber, H.J., Cramer, W., Nakecenovic, N. and Yohe, G. (eds.) Avoiding dangerous climate change. Cambridge University Press.
• Malhi, Y. (2005) The carbon balance of the tropical forest biome. In, H. Griffiths and P.G. Jarvis (eds.) The carbon balance of forest biomes. Taylor and Francis, Oxford. pp. 217-234.
• Maslin, M., Malhi, Y., Phillips, O.L. and Cowling, S. (2005) New views on an old, old forest: assessing the longevity, resilience and future of the Amazon rainforest. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 30: 477-499.
• Velarde S.J., Malhi Y., Moran D., Wright J. and Hussain S. (2005) Valuing the impacts of climate change on protected areas in Africa. Ecological Economics, 53: 21-33.
• Iwata H., Malhi, Y. and von Randow C. (2005) Gap-filling measurements of carbon dioxide storage within a tropical rainforest canopy airspace. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 132: 305-314.
• Ciais, P., Janssens, I., Shvidenko, A., Wirth, C., Malhi, Y., Grace, J., Schulze, E.-D., Heimann, M., Phillips, O. and Dolman, A.J. (2005) The potential for rising CO₂ to account for the observed uptake of carbon by tropical, temperate, and boreal forest biomes. In, H. Griffiths and P.G. Jarvis (eds.) The carbon balance of forest biomes. Taylor and Francis, Oxford. pp. 109-150.
• Pegoraro, E., Rey, A., Barron-Gafford, G., Monson, R., Malhi, Y. and Murthy, R. (2005) The interacting effects of elevated atmospheric [CO₂], drought and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit on ecosystem isoprene fluxes. Oecologia, 146: 120-129.
• Pegoraro, E., Abrell, L., Vanharen, J., Malhi, Y., Guanghui, L. and Murthy, R. (2005) Effects of elevated atmospheric [CO₂] and drought on sources and sinks of isoprene in a temperate and tropical rainforest mesocosm. Global Change Biology, 11: 1234-1246.
• Malhi Y. and Wright J. (2004) Spatial patterns and recent trends in the climate of tropical forest regions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series, B, 359: 311-329.
• Malhi, Y., Phillips, O.L., Baker, T. et al. (2004) The above-ground course wood productivity of 104 Neotropical forest plots. Global Change Biology, 10: 563-591.
• Malhi, Y. and Phillips, O.L. (eds.) (2004) Tropical Forests and Global Atmospheric Change, a thematic issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 359, 555 pp.
• Malhi, Y. and Phillips, O.L. (2004) Tropical forests and global atmospheric change, a synthesis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 359: 549-555.
• Malhi, Y., McNaughton, K. and von Randow, C. (2004) Low frequency atmospheric transport and surface flux measurements. In, W. Massmann and X. Lee (eds.) Handbook of Micrometeorology: A Guide for Surface Flux Measurement and Analysis.
• Baker, T.R., Phillips, O.L., Malhi, Y. et al (2004) Variation in wood density determines spatial patterns in Amazonian forest biomass. Global Change Biology, 10: 545-562.
• Sotta, E.D., Meir, P., Malhi, Y., Nobre, A.D. and Grace J. (2004) Soil CO₂ efflux in tropical forest in central Amazonia. Global Change Biology, 10, 601-617.
• Pegoraro, E., Rey, A., Greenberg, J., Harley, P., Grace, J., Malhi, Y. and Guenther, A. (2004) Effect of drought on isoprene emission rates from leaves of Quercus virginiana Mill. Atmospheric Environment, 38: 6149-6156.
• Pegoraro, E., Rey, A., Bobich, E., Barron-Gafford, G., Malhi, Y. and Murthy, R. (2004) The effect of elevated [CO₂] and VPD on isoprene emission rates from leaves of Populus deltoides Bartr. trees during a drought experiment. Functional Plant Biology, 31: 1137-1147.
• Harris, P.P., Huntingford, C., Cox, P.M., Gash, J.H.C., Malhi, Y. (2004) Effect of soil moisture on canopy conductance of Amazonian rainforest. Agricultural and Forest Meterology, 122: 215-227.
• Harris, P.P., Huntingford, C., Gash, J.H.C., Hodnett, M., Cox, P.M., Malhi, Y. and Araujo, A.C. (2004) Calibration of a land surface model using data from primary forest sites in Amazonia. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 78: 27-45.
• Lewis, S.L., Phillips, O.L., Baker, T.R., Lloyd, J., Malhi, Y., Almeida, S., Higuchi, N., Laurance, W.F., Neill, D.A., Silva, J.M.N., Terborgh, J., Torres Lezama, A., Brown, S., Chave, J., Keubler, C.A., Nunez, P.V., Vasquez, R. and Vinceti, B. (2004) Concerted changes in tropical forest structure and dynamics: evidence from 50 South American long-term plots. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 359: 421-436.
• Harley, P., Vasconcellos, P., Vierling, L., Pinheiro, C.C., Greenburg, J., Guenther, A., Klinger, L., Neill, D., Baker, T.R., Phillips, O.L. and Malhi Y. (2004) Variation in potential for isoprene emissions among Neotropical forest sites. Global Change Biology, 10: 630-650.
• Lewis, S.L., O.L. Phillips, D. Sheil, B. Vinceti, T.R. Baker, S. Brown, A.W. Graham, N. Higuchi, D.W. Hilbert, W.F. Laurance, J. Lejoly, Y. Malhi, A. Monteagudo, P.N. Vargas, B. Sonke, N. Supardi, J.W. Terborgh and R.V. Martinez (2004) Tropical forest tree mortality, recruitment and turnover rates: calculation, interpretation and comparison when census intervals vary. Journal of Ecology, 92(6): 929-944.
• Phillips, O.L., Baker, T.R., Arroyo, L., Higuchi, N., Killeen, T.J., Laurance, W.F., Lewis, S.L., Lloyd, J., Malhi, Y., Monteagudo, A., Neill, D.A., Nunez, P., Silva, J.M.N., Terborgh, J., Vasquez-Martinez, R., Alexiades, M., Almeida, S., Brown, S., Chave, J., Comiskey, J.A., Czimczik, C.I., Di Fiore, A., Erwin, T., Kuebler, C.A., Laurance, S.G., Nascimento, H.E.M., Palacios, W., Patino, S., Pitman, N.C.A., Olivier, J., Quesada, C.A., Saldias, M., Torres Lezama, A. and Vinceti B. (2003) Pattern and process in Amazon tree turnover, 1976-2001. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 359: 381-407.
• Baker, T.R., Phillips, O.L., Malhi, Y., Almeida, S., Arroyo, L., Di Fiore, A., Higuchi, N., Killeen, T.J., Laurance, S.G., Laurance, W.F., Lewis, S.L., Monteagudo, A., Neill, D.A., Pitman, N.C.A., Silva, N. and Vasquez, R. (2003) Increasing biomass in Amazon forest plots. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 359: 353-365
• Lewis, S.L., Malhi, Y. and Phillips, O.L. (2003) Fingerprinting agents of global change in tropical forests. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 359: 437-462.
• Malhi, Y., Meir, P. and Brown, S. (2003) Forests, carbon and global climate. In, I.R. Swingland (ed.) Capturing carbon and conserving biodiversity: a market approach. Earthscan, London. pp. 15-41.
• Malhi, Y. (2003) Diary Jan-Jun 2002. In, Science, Not Art: Ten Scientists' Diaries, Gulbenkian Foundation, London.
• Finnigan, J.J., Clement, R., Malhi, Y., Leuning, R. and Cleugh, H.A. (2003) A re-evaluation of long-term flux measurement techniques part 1: averaging and co-ordinate rotation. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 107: 1-48.
• Grace, J. and Malhi, Y. (2002) Global change - Carbon dioxide goes with the flow. Nature, 416: 594-595.
• Malhi, Y. (2002) Carbon in the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere in the 21st Century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, A, 360: 2925-2945.
• Malhi Y., Pegoraro, E., Nobre, A.D., Pereira, M.G.P., Grace, J., Culf, A.D. and Clement, R. (2002) The water and energy dynamics of a central Amazonian rain forest. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 107(D20), Art. No. 8061.
• Malhi, Y., Meir, P. and Brown, S. (2002) Forests, carbon and global climate. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A, 360: 1567-1591.
• Malhi, Y., Phillips, O.L., Baker, T., Almeida, S., Fredericksen, T., Grace, J., Higuchi, N., Killeen, T., Laurance, W.F., Leano, C., Lloyd, J., Meir, P., Monteagudo, A., Neill, D., Nunez, P.V., Panfil, S.N., Pitman, N., Rudas, A., Salomao, R., Saleska, S., Silva, N., Silveira, M., Sombroek, W.G., Valencia, R., Vieira, I. and Vinceti, B. (2002) An international network to understand the biomass and dynamics of Amazonian forests (RAINFOR). Journal of Vegetation Science, 13:439-450.
• Phillips, O.L., Malhi, Y., Vinceti, B., Baker, T., Lewis, S.L., Higuchi, N., Laurance, W.F., Vargas, P.N., Martinez, R.V., Laurance, S., Ferreira, L.V., Stern, M., Brown, S. and Grace, J. (2002) Changes in growth of tropical forests: Evaluating potential biases. Ecological Applications, 12: 576-587.
• Carswell, F.E., Costa, A.L., Palheta, M., Malhi, Y., Meir, P., Costa, J.d.P.R., Leal, L.d.S.M., Costa, J.M.N., Clement, R.J. and Grace, J. (2002) Seasonality in CO₂ and H₂0 flux at an eastern Amazonian rain forest. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 107(D20), Art. no. 8076.
• Phillips, O.L., Martinez, R.V., Arroyo, L., Baker, T.R., Killeen, T., Lewis, S.L., Malhi, Y., Mendoza, A.M., Neill, D., Vargas, P.N., Alexiades, M., Ceron, C., Di Fiore, A., Erwin, T., Jardim, A., Palacios, W., Saldias, M. and Vinceti, B. (2002) Increasing dominance of large lianas in Amazonian forests. Nature, 418: 770-774.
• Law, B.E., Falge, E., Gu, L., Baldocchi, D.D., Bakwin, P., Berbigier, P., Davis, K., Dolman, A.J., Falk, M., Fuentes, J.D., Goldstein, A., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Hollinger, D., Janssens, I.A., Jarvis, P., Jensen, N.O., Katul, G., Malhi, Y., Matteucci, G., Meyers, T., Monson, R., Munger, W., Oechel, W., Olson, R., Pilegaard, K., Paw, K.T., Thorgeirsson, H., Valentini, R., Verma, S., Vesala, T., Wilson, K. and Wofsy, S. (2002) Environmental controls over carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange of terrestrial vegetation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113: 97-120.
• Falge, E., Baldocchi, D., Tenhunen, J., Aubinet, M., Bakwin, P., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Burba, G., Clement, R., Davis, K.J., Elbers, J.A., Goldstein, A.H., Grelle, A., Granier, A., Guomundsson, J., Hollinger, D., Kowalski, A.S., Katul, G., Law, B.E., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T., Monson, R.K., Munger, J.W., Oechel, W., Paw, K.T., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, U., Rebmann, C., Suyker, A., Valentini, R., Wilson, K. and Wofsy, S. (2002) Seasonality of ecosystem respiration and gross primary production as derived from FLUXNET measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113: 53-74.
• Falge, E., Tenhunen, J., Baldocchi, D., Aubinet, M., Bakwin, P., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Bonnefond, J.M., Burba, G., Clement, R., Davis, K.J., Elbers, J.A., Falk, M., Goldstein, A.H., Grelle, A., Granier, A., Grunwald, T., Gudmundsson, J., Hollinger, D., Janssens, I.A., Keronen, P., Kowalski, A.S., Katul, G., Law, B.E., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T., Monson, R.K., Moors, E., Munger, J.W., Oechel, W., Paw, U.K.T., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, U., Rebmann, C., Suyker, A., Thorgeirsson, H., Tirone, G., Turnipseed, A., Wilson, K. and Wofsy, S. (2002) Phase and amplitude of ecosystem carbon release and uptake potentials as derived from FLUXNET measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113: 75-95.
• Andreae, M.O., Artaxo, P., Brandão, C., Carswell, F.E., Ciccioli, P., da Costa, A.L., Culf, A.D., Esteves, J.L., Gash, J.H.C., Grace, J., Kabat, P., Lelieveld, J., Malhi, Y., Manzi, A.O., Meixner, F.X., Nobre, A.D., Nobre, C., Ruivo, M.d.L.P., Silva-Dias, M.A., Stefani, P., Valentini, R., von Jouanne, J. and Waterloo, M.J. (2002) Biogeochemical cycling of carbon, water, energy, trace gases, and aerosols in Amazonia: The LBA-EUSTACH experiments. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 107(D20), Art no. 8076.
• Baldocchi, D., Falge, E., Gu, L.H., Olson, R., Hollinger, D., Running, S., Anthoni, P., Bernhofer, C., Davis, K., Evans, R., Fuentes, J., Goldstein, A., Katul, G., Law, B., Lee, X.H., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T., Munger, W., Oechel, W., Paw, U.K.T., Pilegaard, K., Schmid, H.P., Valentini, R., Verma, S., Vesala, T., Wilson, K. and Wofsy, S. (2001) FLUXNET: A new tool to study the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem-scale carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy flux densities. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 82: 2415-2434.
• Grace, J., Meir, P. and Malhi, Y. (2001) Keeping track of carbon flows between biosphere and atmosphere. In, M.C. Press (ed.) Ecology: Achievement and Challenge. Blackwell Science, Blackwell. pp. 249-269.
• Grace, J., Malhi, Y., Higuchi, N. and Meir, P. (2001) Productivity and carbon fluxes of tropical rain forests. In, H. Mooney & B. Saugier (ed.) Terrestrial Global Productivity: Past, Present and Future, Academic Press.
• Hellier, A., McGhee, W., Tipper, R., Mayhew, J., Malhi Y. and Meir, P. (2001) Climate Change and Forestry. In, M.H. El-Lakany (ed.) State of the World's Forests. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. pp. 60-73.
• The Royal Society Working Group on Land Carbon Sinks (Read, D., Beerling, D., Cannell, M., Cox, P., Curran, P., Grace, J., Ineson, P., Jarvis, P., Malhi, Y., Powlson, D., Shepherd, J., and Woodward, I) (2001) The role of land carbon sinks in mitigating global climate change. The Royal Society, London. pp. 1-27.
• Fisch, G., Culf, A.D., Malhi, Y., Nobre, C.A. and Nobre, A.D. (2000) Carbon dioxide measurements in the nocturnal boundary layer over Amazonian tropical forest. In, R. Lal, J. Kimble, and B.A. Stewart (eds.) Global climate change and tropical ecosystems. pp. 391-404.
• Kruijt, B., Malhi, Y., Lloyd, J., Nobre, A.D., Miranda, A.C., Pereira, M.G.P., Culf, A. and Grace, J. (2000) Turbulence statistics above and within two Amazon rain forest canopies. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 94: 297-331.
• Malhi, Y. and Meir, P. (2000) Climate Change: the threats to world forests. United Nations Environment Programme, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK. 1-56.
• Malhi, Y. and Grace, J. (2000) Tropical forests and atmospheric carbon dioxide. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 15: 332-337.
• Culf, A.D., Fisch, G., Malhi, Y., Costa, R.C., Nobre, A.D., Marques, A.D., Gash, J.H.C. and Grace, J. (1999) Carbon dioxide measurements in the nocturnal boundary layer over Amazonian forest. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 3: 39-53.
• Grace, J. and Malhi, Y. (1999) How rain forests influence the atmosphere. Botanical Journal of Scotland, 51: 69-85.
• Grace, J. and Malhi, Y. (1999) The role of rain forests in the global carbon cycle. Progress in Environmental Science, 1: 177-193.
• Malhi, Y., Baldocchi, D.D. and Jarvis, P.G. (1999) The carbon balance of tropical, temperate and boreal forests. Plant Cell and Environment 22: 715-740.
• Tipper, R., Malhi, Y., Meir, P., Glace, J. and Jarvis, P. (1999) Woods and sinks. New Scientist, 164: 59-59.
• Malhi, Y., Nobre, A.D., Grace, J., Kruijt, B., Pereira, M.G.P., Culf, A. and Scott, S. (1998) Carbon dioxide transfer over a Central Amazonian rain forest. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 103: 31593-31612.
• Phillips, O.L., Malhi, Y., Higuchi, N., Laurance, W.F., Nunez, P.V., Vasquez, R.M., Laurance, S.G., Ferreira, L.V., Stern, M., Brown, S. and Grace, J. (1998) Changes in the carbon balance of tropical forests: Evidence from long-term plots. Science, 282: 439-442.
• Williams, M., Malhi, Y., Nobre, A.D., Rastetter, E.B., Grace, J. and Pereira, M.G.P. (1998) Seasonal variation in net carbon exchange and evapotranspiration in a Brazilian rain forest: a modeling analysis. Plant Cell and Environment, 21: 953-968.
• Culf, A.D., Fisch, G., Malhi, Y. and Nobre, C.A. (1997) The influence of the atmospheric boundary layer on carbon dioxide concentrations over a tropical forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 85: 149-158.
• Grace, J., Malhi, Y., Lloyd, J., McIntyre, J., Miranda, A.C., Meir, P. and Miranda, H.S. (1996) The use of eddy covariance to infer the net carbon dioxide uptake of Brazilian rain forest. Global Change Biology, 2: 209-217.
• Malhi Y. (1996) The behaviour of the roughness length for temperature over heterogeneous surfaces. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 122: 1095-1125.
• Moncrieff, J.B., Malhi, Y. and Leuning, R. (1996) The propagation of errors in long-term measurements of land-atmosphere fluxes of carbon and water. Global Change Biology, 2: 231-240.
• Grace, J., Lloyd, J., McIntyre, J., Miranda, A.C., Meir, P., Miranda, H.S., Nobre, C.A., Moncrieff, J., Gash, J.H.C., Malhi, Y., Wright, I.R. and Gash J.H.C. (1995) Carbon dioxide uptake by an undisturbed tropical rainforest in southwest Amazonia, 1992 to 1993. Science, 270: 778-780.
• Malhi, Y. (1995) The significance of the dual solutions for heat fluxes measured by the temperature fluctuation method in stable conditions. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 74: 389-396.