Andrew Armstrong

Revenue patterns of piped water services in rural Africa

Andrew Armstrong's current research examines the drivers for revenue generation from user payments for rural piped water services. This work has financial and economic policy implications on a multi-country scale and is foundational to developing viable and equitable tariff policies, attracting sustainable finance and safeguarding lasting water services.

Previously, Andrew spent eight years working for an international engineering humanitarian and development NGO, Water Mission, where he led a global advisory team responsible for sustainable service delivery, behaviour change communication, and monitoring, evaluation and learning. He has led the development and delivery of technical training programs for rural water professionals at the Global Water Center. He is also a core collaborator at Uptime Global, which facilitates results-based funding contracts for reliable rural water services. He holds a MSc in Environmental Engineering and a graduate certificate in global health from the Water Institute at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a BSc in Mechanical Engineering from Clemson University, and is a professionally licensed environmental engineer in the United States

Journal Articles

• Armstrong, A., Dyer, E., Koehler, J. and Hope, R. (2022) Intra-seasonal rainfall and piped water revenue variability in rural Africa. Global Environmental Change, 76. 102592.
• Armstrong, A., Hope, R. and Koehler, J. (2022) Piped water revenue and investment strategies in rural Africa. Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability, 2. 035003.
• Armstrong, A., Hope, R. and Munday, C. (2021) Monitoring socio-climatic interactions to prioritise drinking water interventions in rural Africa. npj Clean Water, 4(10).
• Armstrong, A.M., Sobsey, M.D. and Casanova, L.M. (2017) Disinfection of bacteriophage MS2 by copper in water. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 101: 6891-6897.
• Armstrong, A.M., Sobsey, M.D. and Casanova, L.M. (2016) Disinfection of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by copper in water. Journal of Water and Health, 14(3): 424-432.

Reports

• McNicholl, D., Hope, R., Money, A., Lane, A., Armstrong, A., Dupuis, M., Harvey, A., Nyaga, C., Womble, S., Allen, J., Katuva, J., Barbotte, T., Lambert, L., Staub, M., Thomson, P. and Koehler, J. (2021) Delivering Global Rural Water Services through Results-Based Contracts. Uptime consortium Working Paper 3.
• McNicholl, D., Hope, R., Money, A., Lane, A., Armstrong, A., Dupuis, M., Harvey, A., Nyaga, C., Womble, S., Allen, J., Katuva, J., Barbotte, T., Lambert, L., Staub, M., Thomson, P. and Koehler, J. (2020) Results-Based Contracts for Rural Water Services. Uptime consortium Working Paper 2.
• McNicholl, D., Hope, R., Money, A., Lane, A., Armstrong, A., van der Wilk, N., Dupuis, M., Harvey, A., Nyaga, C., Womble, S., Favre, D., Allen, J., Katuva, J., Barbotte, T., Buhungiro, E., Thomson, P., and Koehler, J. (2019) Performance-based funding for reliable rural water services in Africa. Uptime consortium, Working Paper 1
• De Lopez, T., Elliot, M., Armstrong, A., Lobuglio, J. and Bartram, J. (2011) Technologies for Climate Change Adaptation – The Water Sector. TNA Guidebook Series. Roskilde, Denmark: UNEP Risoe Centre.

Conference Papers

• Armstrong, A., Mahan, J. and Zapor, J. (2017) Solar pumping for rural water supply: Life-cycle costs from eight countries. Proceedings of the 40th WEDC International Conference. Loughborough, UK.
• Armstrong, A. (2016) Development-oriented relief and recovery in the WASH sector: a survey of current practice. Proceedings of the 39th WEDC International Conference. Kumasi, Ghana.
• Armstrong, A. and Nakafeero, R. (2016) Utilising solar water pumping for development-oriented relief in refugee settings in Uganda. Proceedings of the 39th WEDC International Conference. Kumasi, Ghana.
• Armstrong, A. (2015) Managing Cash Reserves for Capital Maintenance Expenses. Side Event Synthesis and Presentations. 38th WEDC International Conference. Loughborough, UK. RWSN, Skat and Water Mission.
• Armstrong, A. and Olschewski, A. (2015) Elements of Sustainable Solar Water Pumping System Design. Workshop Synthesis and Presentations. 38th WEDC International Conference. Loughborough, UK. RWSN, Skat and Water Mission.
• Armstrong, A., Melchers, C. and Bazira, M. (2013) Remote monitoring of privately-managed rural water supplies using Grundfos LIFELINK. Proceedings of the IRC Monitoring Sustainable WASH Service Delivery Symposium. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.